Properties and applications of coherent quantum-plasmonic nanostructures
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Date
2020
Authors
Ηλιόπουλος, Νικόλαος
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Abstract
During the last decades, plasmonic nanostructures have attracted a lot of attention due to the fact that enable strong confinment of light on their surfaces. As aresult, it is possible to use a plasmonic nanostructure in order to achieve strong light-matter interaction between a quantum emitter, which is placed at some distance fromits surface, and the local electromagnetic field. In this thesis we analyze the spontaneous emission dynamics of a two-level quantum emitter located near a plasmonicnanosphere, or a two-dimensional molybdenum disulde (MoS2) nanodisk, by com-bining quantum dynamics beyond the Markovian and the rotating-wave approxima-tion with classical electromagnetic calculations. Using emitters with free space decaytimes in the picosecond to nanosecond time regime, we examine for which distancesbetween the emitter and the nanostructure the non-Markovian phenomena emerge. Next, we assume two initially entangled qubits, each one interacting locally and independently on the other with a plasmonic nanosphere, or a MoS2 nanodisk, and weshow that the entanglement dynamics of this composite system may present strongnon-Markovian effects. We observe that entanglement dynamics for qubits close toMoS2 nanodisks present a much stronger non-Markovian character in comparison tothe case we use plasmonic nanostructures. However, since quantum entanglement is not the one and only type of quantum correlations, we use quantum discord inorder to quantify all the quantum correlations of our composite two qubit system, and working in the same way as for the entanglement, we find interesting phenomena during its time evolution. After that, we consider the same two qubit systemas before, but now we assume that each qubit is located next to a two-dimensionalarray of metal coated dielectric nanoparticles. Now, we assume two different casesfor the qubits; we consider two identical two-level systems or two identical degenerateV-type systems. Since the presence of the periodic plasmonic nanostructure leads tohighly suppressed spontaneous emission rates of each individual quantum system, aswell as to quantum interference induced by the anisotropic Purcell effect, then thetime evolution of entanglement is signicantly prolonged for several orders.
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Keywords
Plasmonic nanostructures, Strong light-matter interaction, Localized surface plasmons entanglement, Quantum coherence, Quantum information