Efficient single-photon emission with high indistinguishability using strong light-matter coupling
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Date
2024-07-09
Authors
Διαβολίτσης, Νικόλαος
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Abstract
The goal of this thesis is to explore and develop efficient methods for generating indistinguishable single photons. By examining quantum emitters strongly coupled to either singlemode cavities or plasmonic nanostructures, the dynamics and interactions that lead to single photon efficient generation with high degree of indistinguishability are investigated. This study begins with the theoretical background, introducing the JaynesCummings Hamiltonian and the Lindblad equation, which are essential for understanding the systemreservoir
interaction in open quantum systems. Then we show how the photon indistinguishability can be achieved and quantified. Finally, using the quantum regression theorem, the correlation functions which are useful for the calculation of the indistinguishability are derived. This investigation includes both coherent and incoherent coupling regimes, revealing how different parameters, such as coupling strength and cavity decay rate, affect the efficiency and indistinguishability of the emitted photons. Numerical and detailed analytical methods are used to calculate the efficiency and the degree of indistinguishability, providing a comprehensive understanding of the factors that influence photon emission. The obtained results show that high photon indistinguishability and efficiency are achievable under specific conditions. For instance, in the case of a quantum emitter coupled to a plasmonic nanostructure, it is found that under the quasistatic approximation, the system is mathematically identical to the simpler system of a quantum emitter coupled to a leaky cavity. Using the results obtained for the quantum emitter leaky cavity case, it is shown that the more complex, quantum emitter and a plasmonic nanostructure system can produce highly indistinguishable photons with efficiency close to unity under optimal conditions. Additionally, the impact of pure dephasing on photon indistinguishability are analyzed. The findings of this thesis contribute to the advancement of quantum optics and quantum technologies, providing a foundation for developing practical quantum light sources for future technologies.
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Keywords
Cavity quantum electrodynamic, Quantum emitter, Light-matter interaction, Strong coupling, Single photon, Lindblad equation, Quantum regression theorem, Photon indistinguishability, Plasmonic nanostructure, Surface plasmon polariton